The History of the University of Coimbra

- Foundation and Early Years: The University of Coimbra, also known as the University of Coimbra – General Library (UC-BL), is one of the oldest universities in continuous operation in the world. It was founded in 1290 by King Dinis I of Portugal in Lisbon, but it was moved to Coimbra in 1308, making it the oldest academic institution in Portugal.

- Renaissance Era: During the Renaissance, the University of Coimbra became a renowned center for humanistic studies. In the 16th century, King John III established a new college, the College of Jesus, which served as the core building of the university. This period saw the incorporation of new subjects, such as medicine and mathematics, into the curriculum.

- University Reform: In the 18th century, the Marquis of Pombal, as the Prime Minister of Portugal, implemented a series of reforms in higher education. Coimbra University was reorganized and its structure was modernized to embrace the Enlightenment principles. Faculties were created, and academic autonomy was granted.

- Relocation and Consolidation: In 1834, a political and religious movement led to the expulsion of religious orders and the suspension of teaching activities at Coimbra University. However, it reopened in 1837 under a new structure and a secular and republican approach. In 1911, the university was relocated to its current location, occupying the historical buildings on the hill of Almedina.

- Modern Era: The University of Coimbra has experienced significant growth in the 20th and 21st centuries. It expanded its range of degrees and courses, embracing a wide array of fields from sciences to humanities and engineering. As of today, it is internationally recognized for its research and academic excellence.

Examples:

1. Foundation in Lisbon: The University of Coimbra was initially founded in 1290 by King Dinis I of Portugal in Lisbon.

2. Relocation to Coimbra: In 1308, the university was moved to Coimbra, becoming the oldest academic institution in Portugal.

3. The College of Jesus: King John III added the College of Jesus to the university in the 16th century, which played a crucial role in the development of humanistic studies.

4. Marquis of Pombal's Reforms: In the 18th century, the Marquis of Pombal implemented reforms that modernized the university and granted it academic autonomy.

5. Closure and Reopening: The university was closed in 1834 due to political and religious movements but reopened in 1837 with a secular approach.

6. Relocation to Almedina: In 1911, the university was relocated to its current location on the hill of Almedina.

7. Growth and Excellence: The University of Coimbra has experienced significant growth and now offers a wide range of degrees and courses in various fields, earning international recognition for its research and academic excellence.